Sprains and Strains

Sprains and strains, while used interchangeably, refer to injuries that affect different types of tissues. A sprain is an injury to the ligaments, which are tough bands of tissue that connect to bone.

• Sprains can occur when there is a stretch or tear in a ligament, due to a fall or sudden movement that forces the joint out of normal position. Sprains tend to occur in fingers, ankles or wrists and may result from sports, falls and accidents.
• Strains refer to a muscle or tendon injury (tendons connect muscle to bone). Strains are the result of tearing, overstretching or using too much force. Areas most affected by strains may include the lower back, hamstrings (rear-thigh muscles) and calves.

Differences Between Sprains and Strains

A sprain is an injury to ligaments and joints. A strain is an injury to muscles and tendons. They’re very different but both cause pain, swelling, possible bruising, loss of mobility and flexibility. Healing depends on injury location and severity, early treatment and previous injuries, plus your age and overall fitness.

When you sprain something in a limb, you may hear a popping sound at the time of injury. Sprains can also impact soft tissue nearby. A strain is more likely to cause severe pain and muscle spasm, and affect just one muscle group.

Your health provider will take a patient history and perform a physical exam. To confirm a diagnosis, your health practitioners may order an X-ray, CAT scan or MRI to assess the type and intensity of the tissue damage.

How to treat a strain or sprain

To prevent pain, reduce swelling and decrease inflammation, several over-the-counter pain relievers, like ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can be taken. If the injury doesn’t improve with rest, ice packs and elevating the limb, visit your local urgent care for a diagnosis.

To sidestep minor strains in the future and strengthen surrounding muscles, experts recommend a moderate exercise routine, daily stretching and a healthy weight.

Tips for mild sprains and strains:

• Apply ice. To decrease inflammation and stiffness, apply cold packs for 15-20 minutes at a time, several times a day.
• Lift weights. Strong muscles can better support and protect muscles and joints from injuries. Why not join a gym, stream at-home workouts or hire a personal trainer?
• Cross-train. Vary your exercises to target different muscle groups to burn more calories and avoid overuse injuries.
• Warm-up slowly. Gradually increase the intensity of a workout to prepare your muscles, joints and tendons and prevent strains.
• Wear good footwear. Make sure you wear athletic shoes that provide cushioning and ankle support.
• Boost flexibility. Stretch regularly to maintain a healthy range of motion in your joints and muscles. Building physical flexibility helps prevent back pain and knee injuries, too.

Urgent Care for sprains and strains

Muscle and joint injuries may occur at any time, and can cause bruising, pain and swelling. Both conditions may limit daily functioning and flexibility.

While sprains and strains share similarities in symptoms and treatment, they affect different tissues in the body. Your provider can help determine the proper treatment for your specific injury, including pain anti-inflammatory prescriptions.

A trip to Northern Nevada Urgent Care can also determine if you have a broken bone, rather than a strain or sprain.